With early diagnosis, proper treatment, and ongoing support, people living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) can now enjoy a life expectancy comparable to those without the virus.
This World AIDS Day, we’re highlighting five essential facts everyone should know about HIV – because awareness saves lives, reduces stigma, and empowers communities.
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Treatment consistency is key
HIV isn’t curable, but it is manageable. With consistent lifestyle changes and daily use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), people living with HIV can suppress the virus to undetectable levels and reduce the risk of infection.
When HIV is undetectable, it means the virus is effectively controlled, the immune system remains protected, and the risk of progression to AIDS is significantly reduced. Most importantly, HIV cannot be transmitted – a concept known as:
“undetectable = untransmittable” or U=U.
However, this level of control depends entirely on strict adherence to treatment. ARVs must be taken every single day, at the same time, and exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
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Relationships are possible
Being U=U means you can live a normal life, because sticking to your treatment plan means the virus can’t be transmitted to sexual partners or passed on to a baby during childbirth.
It’s important to:
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- be open and honest with your partner.
- discuss options for being sexually active or trying for a baby with your healthcare professional.
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Prioritise overall health
Beyond being consistent with taking your ARVs, sticking to healthy habits give your treatment plan the best chance to succeed and you the best chance to thrive.
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- Have regular check-ups and blood tests.
- Don’t ignore new or worsening symptoms.
- Get vaccinated against illnesses like flu, Covid, and hepatitis A and B.
- Stick to healthy, nutritious eating.
- Spend 10 minutes daily in the sunshine or consider vitamin D supplements to support immune function.
- Get enough sleep.
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Mental health matters
Living with HIV can increase the risk of mental health challenges. Managing stress, practising mindfulness, and finding outlets like meditation or journalling can make a meaningful difference.
Professional support – such as counselling, therapy, or psychiatric medication – can also be incredibly helpful.
Even small steps matter. For example, vitamin B supplements may support your nervous system and boost energy levels.
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Remember: you are not alone
A strong support network will help you manage physical and emotional challenges, so build your community.
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- Talk to trusted friends, family, counsellors or community/faith leaders.
- Join a local or online support group for people living with HIV.
- Tap into your medical scheme or workplace wellness HIV support programmes.
Reference
TB HIV Care
